Avaliação das diversas fontes e tipos de biomassa do estado de Alagoas: estudo de suas características físico-químicas e seu potencial energético

Abstract

In this study the use of available agro-industrial and forest residues, in Alagoas, were evaluated for use in ceramic furnaces to energy generation. At first, a survey of various types of biomass in Brazil and in Alagoas was made, followed by a investigation of the main permanent and temporary crops that could generate agro-industrial residues. Later, studies of the forms of use of agro-industrial residues as well as a quantitative assessment and energy that can be generated from the agro-industrial residues from major crops of Alagoas were conducted. The main agro-industrial residues next to the bigger five ceramics, located in adjacent municipalities of Alagoas were characterized in terms of physical-chemical parameters, comparing energy demands with their possible use in furnaces. The process of manufacturing of briquettes was also subject to a case study involving such a process on laboratory scale. The economic evaluation of the use of agro-industrial residues considering the preparation, transportation and energy consumption in furnaces and one simulation, considering various scenarios for the use of agro-industrial residues, with reference to a ceramic Arapiraca were made. In addition, the case of utilization of eucalyptus wood for energy generation was assessed using economic and financial study, simulating the culture of this crop in a rural settlement. The various aspects investigated here showed that the agro-industrial residues from the processing of agricultural production in the State of Alagoas could be used in ceramic and can completely replace the fuel currently used in furnaces, for one ceramic located in the Arapiraca region, where these kind of residues are available. In the case of ceramics located in regions where the availability of agro-industrial residues is limited, an alternative of renewable fuel, would be the culture of energy forests with native or exotic species, such as the eucalyptus.