Estudo biotecnológico de leite de cabras e seu ambiente de produção no sertão de Alagoas

Abstract

This study was conducted in the semiarid region of Alagoas between 2007 and 2010 with the aim of studying the foundations of biotechnology obtain goat's milk and its environment. Were isolated and identified microorganisms from goat milk in two settlements, we studied the chemical characteristics of forage plants local and deepened in the study of Trap (Crataeva tapia L.), identified the prevalence of endoparasites goats in several counties semi-arid Alagoas and tested the Garlic (Allium cepa L) in the alternative control of endoparasites. We also studied the influence of the supply of mineral Selenium mineral salt recommended for goats and interrelation with other minerals, calcium, phosphorus and soluble iron and also, Fat, Lactose, Protein, Somatic Cell Count and Colony Forming Units of Milk goats in the experiment. It was concluded that among the pathogens found in fresh goat milk, the most prevalent was Staphylococcus sp. Forages analyzed compositions presented in nutritive value satisfactory dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber. All species, the chemical composition, have a potential to be used as fodder, especially Crataeva tapia L. The endoparasites most often found in dairy goats in the study area are Trichostrongyloidea superfamily and members of the genus Eimeria sp, which is also found others as Strongyloides sp, Trichuris sp and Moniezia, these being found with a lower frequency. The use of Allium sativum L. as antiparasitic OPG showed a reduction of 50.38%, 70.22%, 79.38% and 73.28% for treatments with 0 g (control group), 2g, 4g, 6g and 8g of Allium sativum L . respectively, compared to the average OPG treatment T0 (control group). The supply of mineral proved to be essential in the response of essential minerals present in milk of goats, such as soluble Ca and Fe with significant increases, the P did not respond to even increase its value decreasing with increasing selenium. Milk does not transfer directly increased the levels of selenium in animal nutrition studies are suggested dosages of selenium via venal to analyze their transfer. There was a decrease in SCC with increasing dosage of selenium demonstrating their antioxidant activity and an increase in lactose and fat.