Síntese de bioadsorvente derivado da quitosana e aplicação na pré-concentração e determinação de íons cobre (II) em álcool etílico combustível por espectrofotometria

Abstract

The present work approaches the preparation of a new resin derived from chitosan and its application in the flow preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination of Cu2+ ions in ethanol fuel. The adsorbent was prepared from the functionalization of chitosan with the α-hydroxy-oxime (3-chloro-1-hydroxy-3-methylbutane-2-one oxime) whose modification was confirmed by elemental analysis, FTIR and MEV. Studies of complexation between the ligand and Cu2+ ions showed that the coordination compound has a green color, is slightly soluble in water, preferably formed at pH 5.8 and absorbs strongly at 435 nm. Adsorption kinetic studies of Cu2+ ions on functionalized chitosan crosslinked with glutaraldehyde follows a pseudo-second order model in 95.0 %(v/v) ethanolic media. The adsorption isotherms of Cu2+ ions in the adsorbent and in ethanol media fit the L2 and S1 type of Giles classification. Desorption studies showed a recovery of 90% of the metal adsorbed using 1.0 mol/L HCl as extractor. The adsorption of Cu2+ ions in ethanol media (~ 93%) was higher than that in water (~ 20%). The flow preconcentration of Cu2+ ions on the prepared adsorbent was realized by a margin from 10.0 to 100.0 ug/L, with an enrichment factor of 20 times, a detection limit of 6.5 ug/L and a quantification limit of 21.6 ug/L, resulting in a gain of sensitivity of 10 times the official cuprizone method. The preconcentration column prepared has been used in more than 60 percolation cycles without apparent loss of efficiency. The analysis of Cu2+ ions in hydrated ethyl alcohol fuel through flow preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination with cuprizone revealed levels of this metal in the samples that agree, according to the paired t-test and considering a 95% confidence level, with those obtained in the usual concentration method (evaporation). The standard recovery test showed acceptable recovery rates (92.0 to 107.8%) considering the complexity of the matrices analyzed. The interference of Fe3+ in the preconcentration of Cu2+ ions can be reduced by masking with NaF. The new resin was successfully applied in the flow preconcentration of Cu2+ ions in order the trace analysis of this metal cation in samples of ethanol fuel.