Efeito da não linearidade na dinâmica das oscilações de rabi em uma rede óptica unidimensional

Abstract

The linear propagation of optical beams through a transvers al periodic pattern, such as an optically induced lattice, have been reported to induce power oscillations between a pair of Fourier modes related by the Bragg resonance condition. These are Bloch modes with frequency within the band gap and thus, confined to the transversal plane (x,y), but otherwise traveling freely in the z-direction. Stemming from the coupling between the light beam and the periodic lattice, these twin-mode power oscillations have been referred as Rabi optical oscillations, due to the analogy with matter Rabi oscillations. In this work, investigates numerically investigate the behavior of such Rabi-type oscillations, under the influence of a selfdefocusing nonlinearity along the propagation direction. Is considered the incidence of a light pulse characterized by a Gaussian spectrum centered in one of the modes of the twin pair, into a one-dimensional photonic structure, with a periodic modulation of the optical refractive index lying in a transversal direction x. For a weak nonlinearities, observed an interesting interplay between linear twin coupling and selfdefocusing: the selfdefocusing effect spread energy of the central frequency to new neighboring modes occurring within the Gaussian spectrum input, centered in one mode of the pair, and transfer proportion of this energy to the correspondent resonant mode. In this way the center mode or frequency component of the spectrum in the presence of selfdefocusing effect, oscillates from one extreme to ano ther within the Brillouin zone. By increasing the nonlinearity, one finds a balanced combination of both effects, that is, Bragg resonance and selfdefocusing, which promotes the transference of the nonlinear reshaping of a Gaussian spectrum, occurring around the central frequency at the input, to the neighborhood of its twin mode. Thus, the nonlinear Rabi oscillations might reveal itself quite useful for optical techniques and optical devices in the sense that, by suitably tailoring the electromagnetic space one could allow the tuning of the nonlinear frequency spreading.