Estudo do comportamento eletroquímico de nitrofenil-1,4-diidropiridinas e do diazoderivado da β-lapachona, compostos de interesse biológico

Abstract

Two compounds of the class nitrophenyl-1,4-dihydropyridines (1 and 2), one from the quinone class - the β-lapachone (3) and one diazoquinone (4), the β- lapachone-derivative were analyzed by electrochemical methods. For the 1,4- dihydropyridines, the techniques used were cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry, in aprotic (DMF + TBAP) and protic media (phosphate buffer, pH 6.9), on Hg and vitreous carbon electrodes. β-lapachone and its diazoderivative were studied in aprotic and protic media, using vitreous carbon as the working electrode. The reduction of the substituted nitrophenyl-1,4-dihydropyridines in protic medium, on both Hg and vitreous carbon electrodes showed electrochemical behavior typical of nitroaromatics, represented by one intense irreversible wave indicative of a 4e-/4H+ reduction process, with formation of the correspondent hydroxylamines, that showed different degrees of stability. In aprotic medium, the cyclic voltammograms showed, for 1, a first one-electron reversible wave corresponding to the generation of the nitro anion-radical, and a second irreversible wave that presented a complex mechanism, with the formation of reactive reduced intermediates. The acid (-COOH) derived nitrophenyldihydropyridine showed a more complex electrochemical feature, representative of an EC mechanism, with evidence of self-protonation. The electrochemical behavior of β-lapachone, in aprotic medium, was similar to the one of typical o-quinones and was represented by two one-electron waves, with reversible and quasi-reversible nature. However, the diazo derivative showed a different behavior, with only one reduction wave, without the anodic counterpart. The reduction mechanism corresponds to an EC process, with the irreversible electron transfer occurring at the diazo group, followed by a chemical reaction that involves the unimolecular loss of N2, generating the carbene anion radical. After successive protonations, the phenolic derivative (5) was obtained, as the main reduction product. The cyclic voltammogram reduction of the diazo derivative in protic medium (phosphate buffer, pH 6.9) showed only one wave without the anodic counterpart in potential of 0.419 V, differently from what is observed for o-quinones. Compound 4 didn t show antibacterial activity.