Fármacos para COVID-19: muito além da cloroquina (testes clínicos para o coronavírus SARS-CoV-2)

Abstract

This work analyzes the drugs used for patients with COVID-19 which are undergoing clinical trials and that go well beyond chloroquine. The data were obtained from the World Health Organization’s International Clinical Trials Registration Platform. Geodistribution shows concentration in China, and only 5% of transnational partnerships. Clinical tests are concentrated in intermediate phases II and III. The classes of drugs go far beyond antimalarials, which have become popularly known, also comprising antivirals, anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, anticoagulants, antibodies, antifibrotics, antitumor agents, calcium channel blockers, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, immunosuppressants, enzyme inhibitors, mucolytics, vasoconstrictors and vasodilators, vitamins and mineral salts. The most tested antivirals are Ritonavir, Remdesivir, Lopinavir, Favipiravir and Arbidol, as well as their associations. Several tests combine antimalarials, antivirals and immunomodulators, the most studied being Favipiravir and Lopinavir associated with Ritonavir, Methylprednisolone, Remdesivir, Tocilizumab, Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine.