Tratamento de esgoto sanitário por MBBR: aspectos construtivos e operacionais sob a ótica da sustentabilidade

Abstract

The search for universal sanitation has intensified development in the area of effluent treatment.The consequence of this improvement was the creation of the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor – MBBR technology, which is translated into Portuguese as Mobile Bed Biological Reactor and consists of a system that uses adhered biomass for effluent treatment. This technology is being applied in two new ETEs in the city of Maceió, which justifies the need to carry out an analysis of the functioning of this system for the operational conditions of the municipality. That said, this work aimed to study the use of this technology that is being Applied in an effluent treatment plant in Maceió, ETE Caçadors, from two perspectives: economic - where we sought to analyze the constructive aspects of implantation, as well as analyze the energy consumption of the system implemented - and environmental - through the survey of the process flowchart of the treatment established and the evaluation of the receiving body of the effluents treated by the ETE. For this, between October and December 2021, technical visits and consultations with the technical staff of the company responsible for executing and operating the venture were carried out. The study results showed that the cost of deploying MBBR technology is 28% less expensive when compared to conventional systems, such as activated sludge. They also showed that the energy consumption for the operation of the system is 20 to 40% higher compared to these systems. The review of the flowchart of the ETE treatment stages made it possible to identify the final destination of the treated effluent and the residues/by-products generated in each operational stage. Finally, it was identified that the surface waters of the receiving body that will receive the treated effluents from the ETE are compromised and that with the operation of the station, the treated effluent to be released will contribute to the improvement of the water quality of this body of water.