Levantamento de estudos do gênero Byrsonima no Brasil e aspectos socioeconômicos que influenciam o uso, manejo e comercialização do murici no Semiárido alagoano

Abstract

Brazil is known for its wide biodiversity of plant species with different possibilities of use, whether for human consumption, animal fodder, ornamentation and use in medicinal treatments, directly serving the populations. Among the species, the murici belonging to the genus Byrsonima stands out, which already has potential for the food industry, whose fruits are orange in color, with a characteristic flavor and aroma, in addition to presenting antioxidant potential. Given this context, the objective was to carry out a survey of studies of the Byrsonima genus in Brazil and socioeconomic aspects that influence the use, management and commercialization of murici in the semiarid region of Alagoas. Scientific articles were collected on search platforms to verify research on the genus Byrsonima in Brazil related to the murici species, geographic coordinates, altitude, municipality, state, vegetation, theme, author(s), year and journal. Based on this information, maps of the location and distribution of the murici in Brazil were made. In addition, information was collected in a database on the socioeconomic factors of the population that uses and/or sells murici in the semiarid region of Alagoas and from this information, statistical analysis of the data was performed using multiple regression, observing dependent variables (management of murici and commercialization of the fruit) and independent variables (gender, educational status and family income). The results indicate that the research that has been carried out and published in the form of scientific articles related to the Byrsonima genus is concentrated in the northeast and central-west regions of Brazil, mainly addressing reproduction, chemical and pharmacological properties, in addition to animal and human consumption; The statistical tests carried out indicate that sex does not influence the management, use and commercialization of murici, as for sex and use of part of the plant, it has a small association; Statistical tests show that the level of education does not influence the management, use and commercialization of murici, it has a small association in relation to the management of murici and the use of part of the plant.