Amamentação e aleitamento materno para lactentes com cardiopatias congênitas

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are anatomical and/or functional defects in the cardiac system that occur up to the 8th week of embryonic formation, a prevalent malformation. Breastfeeding is of paramount importance for the clinical status of the CHD baby and has Strong benefits when there is also a need for invasive interventions. The transition to breastfeeding in breastfeeding is quite complex and has specific management and care. Objective: To explore the data available in the literature on breastfeeding and breastfeeding in infants with heart disease. Methodology: Integrative review, with search in the databases: SCIELO and PUBMED. Twenty-three studies were selected. Results: Breastfeeding is the option that contributes the most to the RN/infant's nutrition, as well as being a predictor of infection prevention and reduction in NICU length of stay. Infants with heart disease are more susceptible to dysphagia, malnutrition, infections, and the risk of early weaning. Conclusion: Thus, educating in health about the nutritional and immunological properties of breast milk, which are fundamental for reducing the risk of infection, for pre-surgical preparation, as well as for post-surgical recovery, is very important and is a care for the binomial. The early stimulation of breastfeeding must respect the patient's clinic. It is necessary that the team understands the importance of notifying the cases of congenital heart disease, the specifics of breastfeeding in babies with heart disease, so that the caregivers are encouraged to invest in breastfeeding, and that they are instructed about the risks involved in this process, how to recognize them, and what attitudes to take if intervention is needed.