Síndrome de Burnout em profissionais de enfermagem na pandemia da COVID-19 : uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

The burnout syndrome is understood as specific to the work environment and a consequence of the chronicity of occupational stress, with three dimensions: exhaustion, depersonalization and low professional fulfillment. The nurse is one of the professionals with a high level of work stress and the scenario of the Covid-19 pandemic has contributed to the intensification of the presence of this syndrome in the daily lives of professionals. Thus, the present study aims to identify articles that study the presence of Burnout Syndrome in nursing professionals in the Covid-19 scenario. This is an integrative literature review, according to the recommendations of Preferred Reporting Items. Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRSMA). The Population-Concept-Context strategy was used to compose the guiding question of the research. The established search sources were: LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences), BDENF (Nursing Database) and SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online). Of the studies found, 368 articles were selected, which were submitted to the inclusion criteria, with a dense attentive reading in full. From the total corpus, ten studies were included in the review, meeting the established criteria, specifically, online articles available in full, free of charge, published in Portuguese, English or Spanish, published during the pandemic period (2020-2022) and dealing with the proposed theme. In the selected studies, the presence of Burnout Syndrome was identified in a large number of participants in each research carried out. From the analysis, it was also found that the high workload, low professional achievement, lack of recognition, fear of contaminating their families, inexperience, fear of lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) and fear of contagion of Covid-19 contributed significantly to the development of burnout in these professionals. Thus, it is clear to gather information that can support strategic care interventions to support nursing professionals affected by the burnout syndrome during the Covid-19 pandemic, based on scientific evidence.