O efeito de probióticos na microbiota intestinal de pacientes obesos: revisão sistemática e metanálise

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a major public health concern worldwide. Studies suggest that gut microbiota has several functions related to host health. Administration of probiotic may affect the gut microbiota. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effects of oral supplementation with probiotics on the intestinal microbiota in obese people. Methods: Our systematic review aimed to evaluate the results of Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) on intestinal microbial changes in obese people after the administration of probiotic supplements. We searched five literature databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, ISI - Web of Science, Scopus and CENTRAL). The protocol this study was registered in PROSPERO (International prospective Register of Systematic Reviews). Results: 2.425 records were identified during the literature search. After the review of the titles and abstracts, 29 publications were selected for a review of the full texts, of which Only 9 met the selection criteria and three were includede to meta-analisys. 2 studies showed no significant difference in the bacterial phylum. 6 studies showed only significant changes in some genus. The comparison of studies shows the existence of changes in the intestinal microbiota of obese people after the use of probiotics. Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that the effect of probiotic supplements on intestinal microbiota of obese patients has been inconclusive. Based on the evidence in this review, some specific strains of probiotics alter the intestinal microbiota in obese individuals. However, some studies have reported that there have been no significant changes on gut microbiota diversity in obese people. It suggests that further studies are needed to determine the size effect of probiotic therapy.