A analogia nos princípios de Paul e na teorização de Saussure

Abstract

The role of analogy in the study of languages goes back to Antiquity (LYONS, 1970), but it was not until the last quarter of the 19th century, with the advent of the Neogrammatic School, that it became the protagonist in the discussion about linguistic change when they postulated the analogy as one of the main causes of language changes over time. This definition was widely conveyed in introductory Linguistics manuals, as well as the representation of Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913) as a participant in the Neogrammatic School (PAVEAU; SARFATI, 2006; MOUNIN, 1970), despite the epistemological displacement operated in the 20th century by effect of the publication of his General Linguistics Course (1970 [1916]). Regarding the problem of the influences that Saussure would have received, Koerner (2008) points out that the Genevan linguist was a reader and received inspiration from the theoretical work of the Neogrammatics, the Fundamental Principles of the history of the language (1966 [1880]), by Hermann Paul. Because of this epistemological problem, this work, of a bibliographic nature, aims to investigate the possible relations between the concept of analogy proposed by Saussure in the General Linguistics Course and the definition of analogy in Paul's Fundamental Principles of the history of language. In the Saussurian conceptual system, the analogy is located at the junction of the concepts of language and speech and the synchrony and diachrony pair whilst theoretically articulates the subject's place in the linguistic phenomenon, on the other hand, the analogy in Paul's view refers to two concepts or two mental processes.