Efeito do tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico na resistência à insulina de pessoas com periodontite e alterações metabólicas: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontitis is associated with metabolic alterations such as insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome due to systemic inflammation. Non-surgical periodontal treatment can reduce inflammatory markers and improve insulin sensitivity, making it relevant to investigate its impact on individuals with these conditions.Objective: To analyze the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on insulin resistance in individuals with periodontitis and metabolic alterations. Methodology: Integrative review with a search conducted in the PubMed, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases using DeCS and MeSH descriptors. Randomized and non-randomized clinical studies in Portuguese and English with open access were included. Study selection followed the PICO criteria and PRISMA guidelines. Results: A total of 1,202 articles were initially identified, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine studies were analyzed. Most of them reported a reduction in HOMA-IR after periodontal treatment, suggesting improved insulin resistance, especially in individuals with less systemic compromise. Conclusion: The review indicates that non-surgical periodontal treatment tends to improve insulin resistance in individuals with periodontitis and metabolic alterations. However, the lack of robust clinical trials limits the strength of the evidence, and further studies are needed to confirm these findings.