Vulnerabilidade social e pobreza nos municípios do estado de Alagoas

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the ongoing income inequality in the state of Alagoas. To achieve this objective, a study was conducted using econometric models, with data from the 1991, 2000 and 2010 Demographic Censuses, a period marked by significant changes in the economic, political and social context of Brazil. The study offers analyses of historical data, which help to understand how this problem has evolved over the years, the factors that contributed to it and their consequences for social and economic development. The results of the estimated econometric model showed that infant mortality, the illiteracy rate and the Gini index contribute positively to the proportion of children vulnerable to poverty. In contrast, per capita income contributes negatively to the proportion of children vulnerable to poverty. It is also noted that between the 1991 and 2000 Censuses there was a significant worsening in the proportion of children vulnerable to poverty. The 2010 Census shows an improvement compared to the 1991 Census. The results reveal that despite advances in several aspects, with government initiatives such as the Bolsa Família Program, social projects and targeted investment in strategic areas such as education, health and employment, income inequality in Alagoas is a persistent and complex reality. Its effects go beyond the purchasing power of individuals and impact life expectancy, highlighting the need for more targeted and effective actions to address these challenges.