Efeito da suplementação com própolis vermelha no desenvolvimento da periodontite apical induzida em ratos

Abstract

Introduction: Propolis is a resinous substance produced by bees from plant resins, widely recognized for its therapeutic properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound-healing actions. Apical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammation of the alveolar bone in the apical region of the teeth, usually caused by bacterial infections. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of systemic administration of red propolis on the inflammatory response associated with experimentally induced AP in rats. Methodology: Sixteen rats were used and divided into two groups: a control group, which received only water, and an experimental group, which was supplemented with red propolis at a dose of 100 mg/kg orally for 30 days. Apical periodontitis was induced in all animals, and at the end of the treatment period, the mandibles were collected, fixed, decalcified, and histologically analyzed to assess the severity of inflammatory infiltrate and presence of necrosis. Results: In the control group, all 8 animals showed severe inflammatory infiltrate, whereas in the group treated with red propolis, a reduction in inflammation was observed, with 3 animals presenting score 2 and 5 animals presenting score 3, indicating lower severity. Conclusion: The administration of red propolis modulated the inflammatory response and contributed to the reduction of inflammation in experimentally induced apical periodontitis.