Imóveis abandonados e o planejamento urbano: discussões a partir da cidade de Maceió/AL

Abstract

The abandonment of properties in cities is the result of various factors, such as the dynamics of the real estate market, changes in consumption patterns, urban regulation and the decisions of property owners. This phenomenon has economic and social implications, especially when historic areas lose prestige and new centralities emerge. This study evaluates the abandonment of real estate in Maceió, highlighting its concentration in both the old and new centralities. To do this, urban indicators were examined, including vacant buildings and their distribution according to the City Hall, real estate market indexes, IPTU delinquency and canceled water registrations. Based on this data, the Jatiúca neighborhood was selected as a case study because it has a high number of abandoned properties, as well as being located in an upmarket area, contrasting with the obsolescence of historic neighborhoods. The investigation followed real estate vacancy assessment criteria identified in the literature review, serving as a basis for tabulations and mapping with secondary data, such as inactive water contracts, City Hall mapping and field surveys. Tools such as Google Maps, Google Street View and on-site visits were used. Data analysis revealed that the abandonment of properties in Jatiúca is associated with real estate speculation and the replacement of buildings with vertical developments. The results can help formulate public policies that promote a less predatory and segregated occupation, mitigating the negative effects of the intense transformation in land use.