Realidade estendida para visualização de dados: desenvolvimento de uma aplicação web imersiva com A-Frame

Abstract

The advancement of extended reality (XR) technologies, which encompass virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), has expanded the possibilities for data visualization, enabling immersive and interactive experiences that make the analysis of complex information more intuitive and accessible. This work presents the development of an immersive web application using the A-Frame framework, designed for XR-compatible devices. The project included the implementation of interactive graphs, such as bar charts, line graphs, scatter plots, donuts, and pie charts, allowing for the representation of complex data across multiple dimensions with a high degree of interactivity. The methodology adopted in the project was based on the use of the EntityComponent-System (ECS) architecture to modularize and organize the code, in addition to employing data normalization methods to ensure uniformity in visualization. Custom components and integrated systems were developed to facilitate the creation of graphs and user interaction with the data, such as moving, resizing, rotating, and filtering information directly within the immersive environment. These elements were designed to be efficiently rendered in the browser, enhancing accessibility and eliminating the need for dedicated software or complex configurations. The results demonstrated the feasibility of creating immersive graphs directly in the browser, as the application provides an interactive and engaging experience suitable for XR devices like Meta Quest. Despite challenges related to graphical performance, specific optimizations were applied to improve fluidity and usability, and the integration of web technologies, such as A-Frame and WebXR, proved effective in enabling the execution of these experiences, making the application more accessible and practical for various contexts. This work contributes to the emerging field of immersive data visualization, addressing both the technical challenges and the interactive possibilities provided by XR. In addition to facilitating the analysis of complex data, the developed application serves as a foundation for future research and development aimed at expanding the capabilities for data visualization and interaction within immersive environments.