Revisão do biomonitoramento de metais tóxicos com ênfase nas macroalgas

Abstract

The coastal region is a dynamic ecosystem governed by the three-dimensional convergence between terrestrial, oceanic and atmospheric processes, suffering from metallic contamination that occurs through the dumping of effluents of industrial, domestic and agricultural origin, resulting from demographic and economic pressures in its surroundings. These factors combined generate degradation of marine habitats, threatening the lives of their organisms and disturbing the systemic balance. The present study analyzed, through a literature review, the potential use of biomonitors in monitoring metals considered toxic, both essential and non-essential, presenting macroalgal biomass as one of the most promising in biomonitoring, as it is na abundant ecosystem resource, of high ecological, biotechnological, biochemical and physiological value. Throughout human existence we have always had productive systems in a metabolic essence guaranteeing our own existence, but from a cyclical metabolic circuit it became a continuum of imbalance and deterioration.