Inimigos naturais de ocorrência espontânea em povoamentos florestais de eucalyptus spp. no estado de Alagoas

Abstract

The forestry sector is in the spotlight due to the environmental and economic activities that are mostly developed through the cultivation of Eucalyptus spp. in Brazil. In the state of Alagoas, eucalyptus cultivation is gaining considerable space and representation, replacing sugarcane crops. However, the absence of sustainable management practices in their crops can promote ecological imbalance, favoring the occurrence of population outbreaks of native and exotic insects that cause significant damage and loss of production. In Integrated Forest Pest Management (IPM Forestry) programs, the faunal survey provides data for the evaluation and occurrence of insects in an environment, as well as the occurrence of natural enemies, considered important biological control agents. Therefore, the objective of this study was to survey and characterize the entomofauna of natural enemies in clonal forest stands of Eucalyptus spp. in the state of Alagoas. The experimental area corresponded to a clonal forest stand with the presence of three different clones. To survey the entomofauna of natural enemies, manual collections were carried out every two weeks, for 12 months, for each clone of the forest stand. The identification of the samples was performed at the order and family level, using taxonomic keys. In total, seven Orders of natural enemies of the Insecta Class and one Order of the Arachnida Class were identified in the study site. Through the faunal analyses, the most relevant groups were the Aranea and the Hymenoptera. The spiders were dominant, very abundant, very frequent and constant for clones I144 and VE41, but it occurred accidentally for clone VCC865. For the Order Hymenoptera, the family Pompilidae was identified and presented as non-dominant, common, frequent and accidental, however, the family Vespidae appeared as dominant, very abundant, very frequent and constant for clones I144 and VE41, however, it was exposed as an accessory for clone VCC865. Finally, the results obtained provide basic subsidies for the development and implementation of an Integrated Forest Pest Management (IPM Forestry) suitable for the region.