Captação de açúcares na levedura com revisão na Literatura de Thiago O. Basso (Engineering topology and Kinetics of sucrose metabolism in saccharomyces Cerevisiae for improved ethanol yield) visando a possibilidade de aumento no rendimento na produção de etanol

Abstract

Many microorganisms have already been researched for the production of ethanol, but the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most used on a large scale for fermentation and production of ethanol, as it has the capacity to efficiently ferment sucrose. There is a search for new strains and improvements in characteristics of microorganisms that guarantee high fermentative efficiency, improve process performance and contribute to an increase in ethanol production. Saccharomyces has two uptake pathways for this disaccharide: Extracellular Hydrolysis and Intracellular Hydrolysis. Extracellular hydrolysis by the action of extracellular invertase captures sucrose and metabolizes it into glucose and fructose through passive transport, by facilitated diffusion; In intracellular hydrolysis, intracellular invertase captures sucrose and other sugars via sucrose-proton symport through active transport where they are hydrolyzed by invertase, releasing glucose and fructose molecules that will be metabolized via the glycolytic pathway. Research involving yeast capable of active transport indicated an 11% increase in ethanol production yield. This work reviews the research of Thiago O.Basso (ENGINEERING TOPOLOGY AND KINETICS OF SUCROSE METABOLISM IN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE FOR IMPROVED ETHANOL YIELD) based on the yeast CEN.PK113 – 7D, where the evolved strain (IMI056) was used to improve the absorption of sucrose through strains that express only intracellular hydrolysis.y intracellular hydrolysis.