Educação, invisibilidade e reconhecimento: uma análise a partir dos tipos de violências sofridas pelos adolescentes das instituições de acolhimento em Maceió-AL

Abstract

In Brazil, the idea of the public sphere has been around since the 20th century and goes beyond the state structure. However, the configuration of a society that has an exclusionary and selective profile, which is marked by the absenteeism of public dialogue venues when it comes to the importance of democratizing this space that is full of indices and actors of social destructibility, such as the adolescents available for adoption in the Acolher Institutional Units, Casa Lar Semas and Luzinete Soares de Almeida, under the responsibility of the municipality of Maceio in the state of Alagoas, is very worrying. The aim of this study is to talk to the multi-professional teams at these units to identify the violence experienced by the adolescents in care and its impact on their psychosocial development, as well as to elucidate that education plays a key role in the lives of these young people during their time in care and to prepare them for leaving care when they reach the age of majority, being one of the basic rights guaranteed by the Federal Constitution and the Statute of the Child and Adolescent from the perspective of the Theory of Recognition of Habermas as the main origin of the conflicts experienced by young people in institutional care, in terms of the lack of social recognition in the most diverse spheres of these individuals' lives, especially in the family sphere. This is a study that adopted a predominantly exploratory-descriptive approach in terms of its level of depth and bibliographical and documentary research in terms of its purposes, since its approach was qualitative. The following descriptors were searched for: adoption, foster care, public sphere, violence, rights and duties of adolescents, socio-family matrix, inclusion of the other, in order to subsidize the qualitative analysis and final considerations of the data obtained. In addition, the findings of this study enabled an understanding of the impacts of the violence suffered by adolescents in the foster care process until their adoption or compulsory removal from the units, from the managerial perspective of those involved in this process: family and/or guardians, the state and society, as well as contributing to the maximization of comprehensive enjoyment for institutionalized adolescents. Based on the particularities of the results obtained from the units visited, it is not possible to generalize to the other foster care units in the state, as this is only the reality of the research locus of the three institutional foster care units for adolescents in Maceió.