Caracterização e potenciais aplicações de biossólidos: estudo sobre reciclagem e estratégias de gestão em estações de tratamento de esgoto

Abstract

Sewage treatment is a fundamental process for preserving the environment and public health. However, this process generates solid byproducts that need to be specifically treated or reused to avoid negative impacts on the environment and public health. This Final Course Work (TCC) proposes alternatives for reusing solid byproducts from a WWTP to reduce supply costs and contribute to sustainability. The methodology involves a literature review on solid waste treatment and disposal processes, in addition to the characterization of the waste generated, such as sludge. The characterization covers both physical and chemical aspects of the byproducts and their suitability for reuse.The results indicated an average efficiency of 93.87% in removing Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and 86.25% in reducing Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), demonstrating the effectiveness of sewage treatment in WWTP studies. Regarding the location, it was observed that the use of polymers improved the efficiency of dehydration, allowing a more solid consistency and facilitating handling and transportation. The prediction of the agricultural use of the soil as fertilizer was also highlighted, as long as it is treated to reduce pathogens and minimize environmental risks.