Padrões alimentares, cardiovascular health diet index e sua associação com marcadores de estresse oxidativo em indivíduos pós infarto agudo do miocárdio

Abstract

This dissertation was developed with the objective of exploring the relationship between dietary patterns and the Cardiovascular Health Diet Index (CHDI) with markers of oxidative stress (OS) in individuals after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A literature review chapter and two articles of results are provided. The review discussed oxidative stress in the conceptual aspects and mechanisms related to the cardiovascular development of AMI. In a more global view of the diet, such as diet quality indices and dietary patterns with a focus on cardiovascular health. In the first article entitled “Dietary patterns and associated factors in individuals after acute myocardial infarction”, three dietary patterns were observed among the 113 trained post-AMI individuals: “fast food” which is associated with alcohol consumption; “traditional” which is associated with sedentary lifestyle, male gender, low education and income ≤ 1 minimum wage; and “bread, coffee, milk and vegetables” which was associated with alcohol consumption, low education level and high waist adequacy. No standard food was shown to be associated with markers of oxidative damage, nor with the antioxidant defense enzymes evaluated. In the second article, entitled “Factors Associated with the Cardiovascular Health Diet Index in Individuals After Immediate Acute Myocardial Infarction”. nuts, fish and seafood in combination with high consumption of sugary drinks, processed and ultra-processed foods; however, no association was selected between the components of the CHDI and markers of oxidative stress. It is concluded, based on the literature review, that OS is a characteristic present in AMI by pathophysiological mechanisms that are integrated and that nutritional status and lifestyle, highlighting diet, have a close relationship with redox imbalance. However, in the studies carried out, which revealed CHDI of interesting quality and outlined the three environmental patterns that were associated with demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle and anthropometric data mentioned above, associations between CHDI and dietary patterns with markers of oxidative stress were not observed in the studies that make up this dissertation oxidative stress were not observed in the studies that make up this dissertation.