Geração de layout de edifícios residenciais multifamiliares utilizando algoritmo evolutivo

Abstract

As the complexity of projects has increased, the computer has been used as a design assistant with the aim of improving the architectural design process. It was from 1960 onwards that computational design had its origins with the definition of a theoretical framework in order to systematize the design process as a methodology. In these discussions, space planning was disseminated, which studies the process of arranging rooms in a given space, in which distance, adjacency and other functions are the main objectives. Just as evolutionary algorithms, which make up generative systems, contribute to obtaining better solutions. Space planning problems have variables that are sometimes conflicting and that need to be negotiated so that all restrictions can be satisfied. In the traditional design method, the chosen layout is based on personal taste as a criterion, in order to make more assertive decisions evolutionary algorithms can be applied to this type of design problem. This master’s dissertation aims to explore the possibilities of automated generation of layouts for multifamily buildings through the application of evolutionary algorithms. This is a simulation research with a quantitative approach and exploratory scope, using the Rhinoceros software and its plugins Grasshopper, Termite Nest and Wallacei. Five simulations were carried out with the objective of arranging environments in a limit perimeter applying the evolutionary algorithm. The restrictions include minimizing empty areas within the perimeter, minimizing the disproportion of room areas and compactness index. As a result, it was possible to obtain optimized layouts, informative graphics for decision making and the algorithm ready to be applied by other researchers. It is therefore concluded that the application of evolutionary algorithms in space planning generates optimized solutions that actually meet pre-established restrictions in a more assertive way, being an area with great potential to be explored.