Efeitos da lei complementar n° 150/2015 sobre o trabalho doméstico no Brasil e em Alagoas

Abstract

This research investigates the transformations in domestic work in Brazil between 2012 and 2022, considering the impacts of legislation, social aspects of the labor market, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a literature review about the history of Black people in the country, the study also analyzes data on social inequalities focused on the domestic labor market, including income, informality, and education, with race and gender perspectives. The approval of the PEC das Domésticas (Domestic Workers' Constitutional Amendment) in 2013 led to a significant increase in formalization within the category, which peaked in 2016, with 1.99 million formalized workers. However, formality began to decline after 2016, even after the regulation by Complementary Law 150/2015, reaching 1.46 million formalized workers in 2022. Despite the challenges, the PEC ensured significant benefits for formally employed workers, such as labor rights protection. The primary goal of the study is to assess the practical effectiveness of regulatory frameworks on domestic work, which is predominantly carried out by Black women with low education. The analysis highlights the urgent need to improve oversight and legislation to promote the formalization of this category, considering the social and economic vulnerabilities that still persist in this context. To provide statistical support, data is drawn from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) by IBGE, the Institute for Applied Economic Research (IPEA), and the Inter-Union Department of Statistics and Socioeconomic Studies (DIEESE).