Produção científica publicada no período de 2015 a 2020 sobre os desafios da preceptoria no estágio curricular supervisionado para a formação do enfermeiro

Abstract

Introduction: The Supervised Curriculum Internship (ECS) represents an integrating instrument between educational institutions and the field of practice, in addition to being a relevant curricular component in bringing students closer to different care scenarios. Its implementation requires the involvement of actors who also participate in the practice to expand human relationships, as it is at this time that the student has greater contact with reality and with the world of work to exercise their autonomy, enabling personal and professional development, favoring the relationship between theory and practice. The present course completion work of the Professional Master's Degree in Health Education (MPES) is composed of two articles, an integrative review and a bibliometric study on the role of preceptorship and the contributions of supervised internship to nursing education in different health contexts. Objective: The research aimed to analyze the scientific production on the role of preceptorship and the contributions of supervised internship to the education of nurses. Methodology: The methodology used was descriptive-exploratory, whose search source was articles published between 2015 and 2020, in the Scielo, BVS, Capes, Pubmed, Science Direct, and Wiley Online Library databases available electronically. For the systematization of the data, content analysis was used in the thematic modality according to Bardin (2011). The search identified 740 articles, 44 were selected for complete reading of the text and 26 met the inclusion criteria. Discussion: After analyzing these studies, three thematic categories emerged: Role of preceptorship in the clinical nursing internship; Nursing student learning as a result of clinical supervision; Nurse's knowledge and skills for the preceptorship program. Conclusion: The results of this research point to the challenges faced in the teaching-learning process that directly interfere in learning scenarios, such as the lack of clarity about the role of the health service nurse, the lack of pedagogical training for preceptors and many sometimes the lack of dialogue between the educational institution and the units of the practice scenarios, thus hindering the teaching-learning process. The scientific production was 96% in international publications being published in Qualis A1 journal (61.5%) where the relevance of the theme in the analyzed research and the scarcity of publications in the national territory is observed, which indicates the need to develop research on the subject in Brazil published in relevant databases so that they have a greater range of dissemination. Considering the results found in this scientific research, the study presented as a product an educational video that aims to contribute to the professional training of nurses based on the awareness of the preceptor.