Planejamento urbano participativo e, sala de aula: estratégias didáticas para o ensino de geografia a partir do caso de Maceió (AL)

Abstract

This research aims to provide alternatives to the problem-issue of the low participation of the population of the municipality of Maceió (AL) in the scope of urban planning, as indicated by Menezes (2008), in her master's dissertation, in which the elaboration process of the Plano Diretor, carried out in 2005 was analyzed. Therefore, we seek to provide a conceptual and empirical view of what urban planning is and its variations throughout the 20th century, in Brazil and around the world, focusing on the Brazilian’s current context, in which the Estatuto da Cidade (2001) stands out. This law defines the standard of how the participatory process should be carried out in the elaboration of the main instrument of the country’s current urban policy, the Plano Diretor, and makes it mandatory for municipalities such as Maceió (AL), according to criteria established by the law. The requirement of regular revisions of the Plano Diretor is noticeable when observing the maximum frequency of a decade, as provided by the Estatuto da Cidade. Furthermore, we argue that it is essential to address the issue of social participation in urban planning in schools, bringing the Geography curriculum closer to a citizenship education, since the issues addressed in the scope of the Plano Diretor are a matter of collective interest. Thus, we propose to bring the subject of participation in urban planning into the classroom through two teaching sequences developed for high school education, according to the parameters of the Base Comum Curricular (BNCC). In addition to the discussions around the teaching sequences, we present the results of their application in a school of the state network of Alagoas, located in the municipality of Maceió (AL). From practice, it was possible to identify the strengths and the difficulties in the execution of the two teaching sequences due to the reduced hours of Geography classes (only 1 hour/class per week), consequences of the reform implemented by the Novo Ensino Médio. The reports cover the two days of practice in the classroom and their developments.