Associação da potência muscular ao risco cardiometabólico em adolescentes com cardiopatia congênita em Alagoas

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a heart malformation that occurs during intrauterine development and manifests in different forms, leading to various classifications and syndromes. Therefore, individuals with CHD are predisposed to developing cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases due to a low level of neuromuscular fitness. A previous study comparing adolescents with CHD to their healthy peers of the same age, assessing their physical fitness levels, found that adolescents with CHD have reduced physical capacity compared to their healthy peers, meaning they present risk factors for developing diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (WEST et al., 2019). According to Volaklis (2015), neuromuscular fitness has been increasingly recognized as a preventive factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The study aimed to identify the relationship/association between muscle power and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents with congenital heart disease in Alagoas. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study, in which questionnaires, physical fitness tests (vertical jump), anthropometric measurements (weight and height), and biochemical evaluation were conducted. Data collection was carried out online using a Google form (Google Forms®), and the information obtained, along with the other tests, was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. This study was conducted at Casa do Coração, which serves children and adolescents aged 11 to 19 years with congenital heart disease. Results: The majority of participants (66.56%) presented vertical jump height indices within normal parameters. Regarding cardiometabolic risk factors, 66.67% were classified as low risk, while 4.17% were classified as high risk according to the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) (MCGILL JR, MCMAHAN, GIDDING, 2008). Additionally, vertical jump performance moderately correlated with glucose levels in boys (r = 0.530, p = 0.016). Conclusion: The relationship between vertical jump and cardiometabolic risk is limited, indicating the need for further studies to assess both physical aspects and cardiometabolic risk factors.