O processo de verticalização multifamiliar residencial no bairro da Gruta de Lourdes, Maceió - AL, de 2005-2020

Abstract

The verticalization process is the result of the evolution of society, due to the population increase in urban centers and the new configurations of social relations that are established. The vertical building is the material concretion of this evolution and carries with it a symbol of development and progress, allowed through scientific advances, such as the emergence of concrete and the elevator. This process begins in the 18th century, in New York, USA, with the first vertical building with elevator. In Brazil, verticalization has as its forerunner scenario the city of São Paulo, at the beginning of the 20th century, with buildings focused on the commerce and services sectors. It is from there that the first discussions involving the city are born and the first urban plans arise with the objective of directing the development of the city. Directing the gaze to the local context of the object of study of this work, in Maceió the verticalization, as well as the urban occupation, happened late, having its first copies in the 1950s and gained strength only in the 1970s, due to the investments of construction companies and the growing economic sector. It is also during this period that we will locate the first vertical buildings in the Gruta de Lourdes neighborhood, but the analysis of the verticalization process in the neighborhood in this work has as a time frame the implementation of the Maceió Master Plan from 2005 to 2020.