A contribuição da música terapêutica para parturientes na fase ativa

Abstract

Music, which is traditionally present in many import rituals in people life in society, have been showing increasingly important consequences to the individual's emotional and cognitive development. When applied in labor it shows positive results, especially concerning to pain, very often conditioned by different emotional reactions such as fear, stress and anxiety. This present research aimed to identify in women's speech the contribution of therapeutic music in their labor during the active phase. This study is characterized as qualitative of descriptive-explanatory type approved by the Federal University of Alagoas's Ethics Committee, in accordance with the opinion issued in the report CAAE 62269616.7.0000.5013, conducted with 15 parturients in labor's active phase at a low-risk maternity hospital in Maceió, AL. The data collection occurred in the period between June and September in 2017 through individual application of a semi-structured interview which was recorded and later transcribed. The data were submitted to Maria Cecília de Souza Minayo thematic analysis technique and discussed according to the Katherine Kolcaba nursing theory (The Theory of Comfort). Therefore, it was possible to identify two thematic units: the comfort provided by therapeutic music in labor, in active phase and the motivating spirituality experienced through music during the labor's active phase. The results pointed effects that were substantially associated to comfort, highlighting the decrease of pain focus during contractions; the distraction; the aid in decreasing tension and fear as well setting the parturient to a labor environment making them feel safe. These conditions created more effectively a state of relaxation, tranquility and peace in the intervals between contractions leading to a smoother evolution of the labor. It was experienced a spirituality motivated from the use of music which shown to be source of inestimable strength to labor; as well of trust and recognition of the parturition of being able to give birth. It was realized, at last, that the keen awareness of the nursing professionals before the applicability of methods such as music is capable of promoting a respectful and welcoming environment improving the parturients' perception before this environment still so feared, promoting a greater recognition of the nursing professionals who assisted the labor highlighting therefore the work of nursing and showing its importance in the labor scenario.