A relação entre a doença periodontal e o desenvolvimento da doença de Alzheimer e disfunções cognitivas

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontal disease has been associated with various systemic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive dysfunctions. Objective:This integrative review aims to identify and analyze studies on the relationship between periodontal disease and the increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease or other cognitive dysfunctions. Methodology: A search was conducted in the Medline, LILACS, and Web of Science databases using MeSH descriptors combined with Boolean operators AND and OR in the following search strategy: ("Periodontal diseases" OR "Periodontal disease") AND ("Alzheimer disease" OR "Alzheimer dementia" OR "Alzheimer dementias" OR "Alzheimer's disease" OR "Cognitive dysfunction" OR "Cognitive decline"). Primary studies written in English or Portuguese, with full-text availability, were included. Results: A total of 522 articles were initially identified, of which 11 were included in the final analysis. Most of the reviewed studies found a significant association between periodontal disease and cognitive decline or Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion: The association between periodontal disease and Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive dysfunctions is consistent, suggesting that periodontal disease and its severity may influence cognitive function.