Adenium Obesum como alternativa produtiva em Alagoas

Abstract

The Brazilian flower market has more than twenty-two thousand (22,000) points of sale, with a turnover of around R$ 7.3 billion per year. According to the Brazilian Institute of Floriculture (Ibraflor), in 2021 the sector's average growth was 15%. Ornamental plants are grown with the aim of beautifying environments and ornamental products are divided into different groups: fresh or dried cut flowers and buds; ornamental plants and their seedlings; bulbs, tubers and roots and fresh cut foliage, leaves and branches.In Brazil there are more than 7,800 producers of flowers and ornamental plants, which are responsible for more than 13,000 hectares of cultivated areas. In 2018, national exports amounted to 11.500 million dollars, with the Southeast (71.9%), South (19.8%) and Northeast (5.5%) being the main states involved.The desert rose is a plant with fascinating flowering and delicate shape, it is a succulent, herbaceous, belonging to the Apocynaceae family. It is characterized as a plant with branches with dense diameters, an expanded stem, green leaves, flowers of different shades. The species has been gaining notoriety in the ornamental flower market due to its resistance to water deficit, structural appearance, ease of maintenance, beauty of its flowers and variations in shape, as well os its abundant, long-lasting shades. Desert rose growers in Brazil have been successful in cultivating a wide variety of cultivars and hybrids, with flowers of different colors and shapes. Furthermore, propagating desert roses can be done through seeds, cuttings or grafting. Cultivating desert flowers in the Northeast of Brazil can be challenging due to the region's climatic characteristics, such as high temperatures and low humidity, which favors the plant's productivity. With adequate care, it is possible to successfully cultivate this succulent plant in the region.Alagoas has a favorable climate for the cultivation of several species of Adenium, due to its tropical climate. Furthermore, the diversity of ecosystems, such as beaches, countryside, mountains and forest areas, allows for a range of options that can provide greater productive development of adenium and its genera. This research was based on the growing interest of collectors, breeders and researchers in the production of desert roses throughout the Northeast. Following this line, a direct questionnaire was prepared to address different aspects in relation to the desert rose production chain in the Northeast. In view of the rapid popularization of the desert rose and great notoriety among landscape species, the region stands out for its easy adaptation, following this criterion, this work was designed to evaluate the desert rose (Adenium), as well os its varieties as an alternative productive in Alagoas. As long as we consider some resources necessary to stand out, it can be concluded that Adenium is an excellent productive alternative in Alagoas given extremely favorable climatic conditions, enhancing production scales. An investment is essential to start cultivation, as well as an interest in innovating cultural practices and genetic improvement of the species.

Keywords: Northeast, Climate, Flowers, Plant, Caudex, Collectors.