Concepções sobre saúde e doença: um estudo transcultural com mulheres quilombolas

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the conceptions of quilombolas women about health and disease. As a way of theoretical context, deepened the discussion in public health policies to care for women, focusing on quilombola black population also unveiling na analysis of the definitions of health and disease in a cultural perspective. The theoretical-methodological reference was the Theory of Transcultural Care and Etnonursing, both conceived by Madeleine Leininger nurse in order to grasp what is different (Diversity) and which is equal (Universality) about generic and Professional care of the cultures studied through research based on assumptions of ethnography, adapted for the study of nursing phenomena through a holistic view of the study of cultural diversity in different environments. This study took place at the maroon community of Pixaim, Piaçabuçu-AL. Data collection was conducted by researcher living in the community, in the period beginning in December 2013 to October 2014. As collection instruments used the field diary and semi-structured interview. The analysis was outlined by qualitative methods proposed by Leininger, credibility, confirmability, meaning in context, saturation, restandardization and transferability. The ethical principles were respected in accordance with the Resolution 466/12, under the approval of the Research Ethics Committee through the Platform Brazil, under number 663.592. As a result, it appears that the conceptions of these women about health and disease relate to their way of life, such as work, food, environment and housing, with similarities to the standard definitions, but are also surrounded by cultural traditions, constituting the universality of this phenomenon. Diversity is represented by popular practices for maintenance of health and prevention / cure of diseases, categorized by restrictions during the confinement, the use of medicinal plants and religious beliefs. Final Thoughts: Despite the inequalities and iniquities they are exposed, culture, knowledge and popular practices has proved the main form of care in health and disease these quilombolas women, expressing his views from their worldview.