O impacto do jogo de futebol sobre o perfil metabolômico e suas interações com a ingestão de micronutrientes antioxidantes em atletas do sexo feminino

Abstract

It is known that soccer is one of the most practiced sports in the world, being a highintensity practice for male and female athletes. Consequently, the athlete's performance in this modality can be influenced by factors such as: anthropometric composition; metabolic composition (with possible fluctuations in the concentrations of lactate, hormones, amino acids, enzymes, ketone bodies in pre and post training) oxidative stress and energy input arising from the players' dietary pattern. In view of such bodily changes and the exponential popularity of women's soccer, there was a need for a more in-depth analysis of the dietary pattern of female soccer athletes in association with metabolomic science, since the physiological and metabolic needs between both sexes are different. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation was to evaluate the metabolomic profile of athletes in the pre- and post-game moments, in addition to the influence of food consumption during sports and its possible effects on the antioxidant metabolic profile of women's soccer players at the Federal University of Alagoas. The study was characterized as descriptive, cross-sectional, whose sample was composed of 14 players (aged between 19-32 years) who form the União Desportiva Alagoana (UDA) team and were followed during a season that comprised 6 games (competing at the level state and regional). From this, their respective values of body composition, food intake (through 24-hour dietary recall surveys and food records/diaries) and urine collection were assessed. The urine samples were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance to verify the metabolites present and whether they were related to antioxidant nutrients (vitamins A, C and E and the minerals magnesium, zinc and selenium) from the athletes' diet in the pre-season and during the games. After analysis, it was found that the athletes had adequate consumption of only 2 of the 6 micronutrients evaluated (vitamin C and selenium). 43 metabolites were identified in urine samples, which showed significant separation in the pre- and post-game moments in OPLS-DA graphs and discriminating metabolites related mainly to energy and protein metabolism. Furthermore, Pearson correlations and PLS-DA graph demonstrated significant and positive correlations between antioxidant micronutrients and some of the identified metabolites, with emphasis on malonic acid and pyruvate and the nutrients selenium, zinc and vitamin E. Since the present study is of a descriptive nature, more studies are necessary to evaluate these and other correlations and understand these findings in more detail.