Eficácia da terapia antioxidante nas doenças inflamatórias intestinais em modelos murinos: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been considered a health problem throughout the world, with an incidence that has continued to grow. The current pharmacological treatment of IBD is non-specific and many patients require surgery, significantly increasing the chances of negative outcomes. In this context, new therapies that act to minimize signs and symptoms and improve quality of life have been the subject of increasingly robust research. In 2015, a systematic review was published by our study group focusing on the possibilities of antioxidant therapy in IBD and due to the low number of human trials, the review was unable to recommend or discourage the use of these alternative treatments. So, 8 years later, we intend to answer the question posed previously as to whether or not antioxidant therapy works in improving IBD patients through a new review. The search was carried out in databases such as MEDLINE (via PubMed), CENTRAL, Web of Science, EMBASE and Scopus, using a combination of keywords such as Inflammatory bowel diseases; Antioxidants; Antioxidant therapy; Crohn's Disease; Ulcerative Colitis; Biomarkers; Oxidative Stress. After applying inclusion, non-inclusion and exclusion criteria, 331 studies were selected. This systematic review consisted of 300 animal studies carried out in murine models. According to the classification of the antioxidants found, 122 (40.6%) were other natural active compounds derived from plants, 85 (28.3%) classified as polyphenols, 38 (12.6%) were functional foods, antioxidant nutrients, 14 (4.6%) probiotics, 20 (6.6%) synthetic antioxidants, 15 (5%) chemical products derived from non-plant sources and 3 (1%) classified as hormones and the same amount in other types of compounds. The main modified markers were MPO, NF-κB/Iκ-Bα, NO, MDA, CAT, SOD and GPX. In this review, we can conclude that antioxidant action has been widely proven in animal models, but is still poorly evaluated in human studies, with limitations in the biomarkers studied and that the main biomarkers found also need to be included in studies with human beings in order to have safe antioxidants to be used in alternative therapy for IBD.