Avaliação de população alagoanas e variedades comerciais e crioulas de melho (Zea mays L.) em dois municípios do sertão alagoano

Abstract

This work was conducted in the period May to October 2013, the Experimental Station of EMATER in Santana do Ipanema and property of Mr Edézio Melo Alves in São José da Tapera , with the objective of assessing the Alagoas populations developed by SMGP/CECA / UFAL commercial varieties developed by Embrapa and landraces of maize held by farmers in low technology system. Nine genotypes were evaluated, four populations developed by SMGP/CECA/UFAL ( Alagono , Branca, São Luiz and Viçosense ) two commercial varieties developed by EMBRAPA ( Asa Branca and Assum Preto ) and three landraces maintained by farmers ( Batité , Branco and Jabotão ) . A randomized block design with three replications and the experimental unit consisted of five rows of 5.0 m long and is considered as a useful area to the three central rows eliminating two plants on each side was used . The variables measured were : Culm diameter ( DC ) , plant height ( PH), Insertion Height of First Spike (IHFS) , Stuffing the ears (EMPE) , number of rows of grains ( NFG ) , weight Hundred Grains ( P100G ) , grain yield (GY) and Dry Matter Yield (MSY) . Considering the local reviews and the low level of technology used in the experiments, the following conclusions are reached : The Alagoas populations and landraces showed a higher scale , greater height , first ear and a larger stem diameter than the commercial varieties providing a higher dry matter yield in both environments. In São José da Tapera, the commercial variety Asa Branca, Alagoas population Branca and variety Creole Branco had a good productive performance , with average grain yields above 3,000 kg / ha . In Santana do Ipanema, Alagoas population Branca had a good productive performance with above average grain yield of 3000 kg / ha . In both environments , the Alagoas population Branca and variety Creole Jabotão had a great productive performance of dry matter , with average above 5,000 kg / ha yield . The Alagoas population Branca presented double fitness (better yield and dry matter) stood out from the other genotypes in the analyzed environments .