O artesanato como elemento de reprodução sociocultural no território quilombola serra das viúvas: um olhar geográfico acerca do patrimônio biocultural no sertão de Alagoas

Abstract

Over the centuries, traditional people and communities have developed a diversity of knowledge through coexistence with nature, this process has resulted in a collection of knowledge, practices and beliefs that have been transmitted between generations. It is from this scenario that they constituted unique ways of life, in which natural resources are fundamental for their sociocultural reproduction. The process of introducing capitalist agriculture in the countryside caused several impacts on these ways of life, including “cultural memorialicide”, which resulted in the disappearance of several cultural manifestations. However, these people developed resistance strategies to ensure their cultural permanence. In view of this, the present work aims to understand in the light of Geography how traditional crafts are an element of sociocultural reproduction in the Serra das Viúvas Quilombola Territory, in Água Branca, Sertão Alagoas, through preservation of the community's Biocultural Heritage. To carry out the research, the Historical-Dialetic Materialism method was used, providing an investigation of reality, understanding the contradictions relating to the historical process of society. Thus, this research was developed using a qualitative quantitative approach, with bibliographic surveys and data collection in the field carried out, through semi-structured interviews with community representatives. The crafts produced in the Serra das Viúvas Quilombola territory are an element of memory and identity of the community, in addition to being an economic alternative, in terms of extra income for artisan families. Such craftsmanship is the result of the raw material of straw from Ouricuri (Syagrus coronata), Bananeira (Musa), Corn (Zea mays) and Cipó (Serjania glabrata Kunth), and is based on a biocultural heritage, as, in addition to being an intangible cultural component, due to the knowledge and traditions linked to such practice, it is also the result of the removal of raw material from the biodiversity of its territory, thus it is linked to the cultural and biological aspects of traditional peoples and communities. In this aspect, we found that the reproduction and protection of Biocultural Heritage in the Serra das Viúvas Community occurs mainly through women artisans, organized by the community association, and thus contribute to the maintenance of the traditional knowledge of their people, valuing beliefs and practices of these populations, in this In this sense, the protection of this culture culminates in the expression of its identity, as well as highlighting how the recognition of this craft has value for the legitimacy of its culture and for the social development of the community.