Uma nova arquitetura escolar : premissas projetuais fundamentadas no desemparedamento infantil

Abstract

The aim of this discursive study is to propose design recommendations for the construction of schools, while in accordance with the Brazilian government’s guidelines for the Early Childhood Education and care services policy and encompassing demmuring of childhood. For such, we captured the current socio-spatial paradigm by case-studying the Riacho Doce neighborhood, in Maceió, Alagoas. Our purpose is to examine both the legal and pedagogical aspects of school environments in Brazil and the children “demmuring” movement; as well as to investigate architectural solutions for demmuring of childhood and, lastly, to analyze the benefits of demmuring of childhood for schools in Maceio by comparing the spatial configuration patterns implemented in the Benevides Epaminondas Municipal Center for Early Childhood Education (CMEI) to the Brazilian government’s guidelines for the Early Childhood Education and care services policy, to the concept of demmuring of childhood and to other architectural solutions hereby studied. To this end, we conducted a theoretical-reflexive study of qualitative bibliographic and document research aiming to understand which aspects of the matter are enforced by laws and regulations, official guidance documents and periodic scientific publications. We intend to analyze how helpful those documents are when integrating demmuring of childhood in school architecture, by considering how significant children's contact with nature and the limits imposed on them while at school can be. As a result, we propose the following types of demmuring of childhood design recommendations: general, spatial layouts, interior scenes and external scenes; additionally, we present a summary table that comprises all of the aforementioned recommendation types followed by strategies suggested by us. Some limitations to our research were revealed throughout: a shortened deadline resulted in us not carrying out more case studies in Maceio nor conducting interviews with managers, parents and governors in order to better draw the reasons that prevent demmuring of childhood to be further implemented in the municipality. Said limitations can serve as a starting point for future research development, or for new studies addressing similar questions and answers.