Granuloma piogênico, etiopatogenia e casos atípicos: estudo retrospectivo de 5 anos.

Abstract

Introduction: The etiology of Pyogenic Granuloma (PG) lies in reactive vascularization disorders, response to chronic or acute stimuli, relating irritative factors and histology showing vascular proliferation rich in endothelial cells accompanied by chronic and acute inflammation. Objectives: To explore how an in-depth understanding of the etiopathogenesis of PG can influence the accuracy of clinical diagnosis and analyze new discoveries related to it. Methodology: Narrative review of the literature, whose article selection criteria prioritize studies of etiopathogenesis, its clinical and histopathological characteristics, as well as new atypical findings in the last 5 years. Data analysis through a qualitative approach, using thematic analysis. Thematic analysis allowed a deeper understanding of the advantages and disadvantages associated with knowledge of the etiopathogenesis of PG in dentistry. Results: Totaling 141 articles, in English, Spanish and Portuguese, of which 94 were accessible for reading the abstract or were not duplicate search products. This study followed the guidelines of the PRISMA method, taking into account both the visual referral scheme and the checklist. Title, abstract, and content selections were made, resulting in 15 samples relevant to the topic. Conclusion: A relevant proportion of cases associate trauma before the development of the injury. Anamnesis proves to be a valuable diagnostic tool, allowing the clinician to explore the patient's history, identifying possible triggering factors. Complementary exams emerge as a pillar of assertive diagnosis.