Mapeamento sonoro no Centro de Aracaju-SE: diagnóstico do cenário acústico e seu desdobramento para a população residente

Abstract

The last decades have witnessed an expansion of the urban network, an increase in population density and in the vehicle fleet in urban centers, increasing the levels of noise pollution. This is ranked second in the ranking as the greatest cause of diseases, second only to atmospheric pollution, generating auditory and extra-auditory problems. To assess and manage environmental noise, noise maps are tools to support decision making related to planning and land-use planning. In this context, this dissertation aimed to map the road traffic noise of the neighborhood Center, in the city of Aracaju-SE for analysis of the population exposed to noise. The work also presents an alternative methodology to spatialize the demographic data. Noise measurements were taken on roads with different morphologies, vehicular flow data was collected and noise maps were prepared by means of computer simulations using Cadna-A software. Demographic data were spatialized in the geoprocessing software QGis to obtain the percentage of people exposed to high noise levels, according to NBR 10.151, and formulation of conflict maps. The results showed that all measurement points contained levels above the limit established by the standard, the least noisy was 61.2 dB (LAeq) at peak time (at noon) and the noisiest was 74.6 dB in the morning period. The noise from light vehicles being the main contributor to noise pollution. In addition, 57% of the population is in a region without conflict with the standard, 26% are exposed to up to 5 dB beyond the acceptable limit 60 dB (LAeq), 12% between 5 and 10 dB beyond the allowed and 4% receiving are above 10 dB. Thus, along with the future interventions of the municipal Mobility Plan were indicated noise mitigation measures, which should be implemented together for greater effectiveness and guarantee the quality of life of the Aracaju population.