Desenvolvimento de sistemas microparticulados contendo extrato de própolis marrom da região de União dos Palmares (Alagoas)

Abstract

Propolis is defined as a resinous substance produced by bees of the Apis mellifera species, with an extremely complex and diverse composition, given that it has a multifactorial nature because it is related to many variables at the same time (such as climatic, geographic and botanical factors, for example), making the detailed characterization one of the great challenges for researchers in this segment. This bee product has increasingly become the target of several studies due to its numerous pharmacological activities, highlighting the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, among others. However, it is necessary to use a technique that improves the low solubility of propolis in water and increases the bioavailability of its compounds of pharmaceutical interest, which may lead to greater absorption and effectiveness in the body. One of the techniques that can provide such advantages is spray-dryer atomization drying. The objective of this work was to obtain and physicochemical characterization of microparticulate systems containing brown propolis extract from União dos Palmares (AL) using the spray-dryer technique. Thus, microparticulate systems were developed and studies were carried out to determine the antioxidant activity, total phenols and flavonoids, UV-vis, FTIR, Thermal Analysis, SEM and in vitro dissolution studies. The brown propolis extract from Alagoas and the microparticles containing the extract showed total flavonoid content of 5.15% and 1.13%, total phenols of 14.16 and 4.81% in terms of gallic acid, total phenols of 16 .53% and 6.00% in terms of catechin, antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 13.77 µg/mL and 60.80 µg/mL, respectively. SEM and FTIR data showed the encapsulation of phenolic compounds in brown propolis from Alagoas and thermal analysis attested to the thermostability of the studied extracts. Regarding the dissolution profile, microparticulate systems obtained enabled the average release of 66% of flavonoid concentrations under different media in 240 minutes, as well as demonstrated low solubility in water, making it possible to improve their dissolution profile and their absorption by gastrointestinal fluids through addition of pharmacotechnical adjuvants.