Heliônia Ceres e o debate sobre mulher e gênero na sua produção jornalística, ficcional e militância

Abstract

This dissertation is a historical analysis of a section of the journalistic and artistic production of the intellectual from Alagoas Heliônia Ceres. The study aims to reflect on the gender issue posed in this production. The study starts from the exploration of the sources found in his personal fund, covering a period of three decades. In order to investigate this object, a methodological consideration of this cut of the sources was necessary. At first, the main objective was to examine, within a historical period, publications of the notebooks on the Gazeta Feminina page, which are sources of a journalistic nature. With regard to the literary dimension, the sources are his short story books, which here will be possible distancing them from the analysis that imputes a fantastic discourse to the work. The editions of the Gazeta Feminina available for research date from May 1953 to September 1955, while the stories chosen for analysis were “Santinho”, “A tragédia” and “Meu amor foreign”, a course with the focus of understanding how they were Treatment of gender debates in this work and its impact on the debate in Alagoas. The intention was to transform the sources into mediators in order to understand some aspects of social reality that can be apprehended through a figurative reality of their texts / stories and that can be analyzed within the historical moment. The analysis of these sources starts from Antônio Gramsci's considerations about intellectuals and their social functions, and goes through the paths of Marxist literary criticism, which brings the elements for an analysis within the scope of the author's cultural background. In the stories, I noticed an approximation with realism that dismantles all its mystical aspect and reveals a greater concern with the social position of women, as is highlighted in “Rosália das visões” of 1984, twice published and giving name to one of the works. This perspective, incited a social immersion in the history of women, which can be observed through a temporal examination of their historical experience articulated with Ceres's literary production, which culminated in “uncompromised” fiction, but which also reflects how others were placed genders, still within a temporality that needs to be taken into account. The main hypothesis here is to show that there is a process of deepening the gender debate in the life and work of the author from Alagoas, which is expressed in the aesthetic reflection contained in her work, a conscience that grows temporally, within her authorial project, about the inhuman and common situations and realities of a society built within a late capitalist patriarchalism, where human and social relations are within the scope of capital maintenance and gender oppression.