Educação financeira: um olhar sobre a sua presença nos livros didáticos de matématica dos anos finais do ensino fundamental

Abstract

Knowing how to deal with issues related to consumption and personal financial planning has been gaining prominence in the concerns of Brazilians. From this perspective, it becomes increasingly necessary to learn to manage financial resources critically and consciously. So that consumption is done in a positive way for you and the world. In this sense, Financial Education (EF) has been presented as a rich topic for discussions regarding the importance of reflecting on consumption and the need for financial planning, being related to the most diverse areas. In our research, we limited ourselves to understanding PE from the perspective of Mathematics Education and Mathematics Teaching in the school context. We find the reader that studies on this topic have been gaining prominence on the national scene, after the recommendations of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) point out the urgency in discussing the most varied topics such as retirement, consumption of economical products and personal financial planning and its discussion since the creation of ENEF (National Strategy for Financial Education). From this perspective, our research is qualitative, of the documentary type and is based on Ole Skovsmose's Theory of Critical Mathematics Education (2000). We understand that PE is a complex topic and that it is not limited to simple exercises and concepts. As data from our research, we analyzed the eleven Mathematics collections approved in the PNLD 2020 for the 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th years in the light of the learning environments of Skovsmsose (2014). As a result of the study, we can observe that all collections have a reference to Financial Education. However, we noticed that the activities and tasks presented in the collections are mainly inserted in the exercise paradigm referring to the semi-reality. This allows us to highlight the need to think about increasingly interdisciplinary and transversal activities that allow students to critically reflect on the financial actions present in their daily lives, using mathematical knowledge as a great ally to assist in their choices throughout of life. In this way, in our study we emphasize the importance of discussing PE in Mathematics classrooms and we see textbooks as an ally instrument in this process and teaching. However, we emphasize that based on our analyzes of the activities present in the collections, the teacher's intervention is necessary to make the situations and activities present in these manuals more realistic to the reality and context of each student.