Avaliação do desempenho térmico em habitações multifamiliares em Caruaru/PE frente aos cenários de mudanças climáticas

Abstract

The house plays a fundamental role in people's lives, as it is where it is possible to find shelter, not only in the sense of family warmth but also in the sense of protection against the weather. In this sense, housing programs in Brazil have been working in the production of housing, intending to combat the housing deficit and provide decent housing for people. However, these houses are questioned for not fulfilling their role due to the lack of environmental quality delivered to their occupants. Therefore, changes caused by climate change can further worsen the habitability conditions of buildings. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the thermal performance of a standard multifamily Housing of Social Interest (HIS) project, in a cast-inplace concrete wall, used in the city of Caruaru/PE for the current climate and two scenarios of climate change (2050 and 2080). For this, the computational procedure of the new version of NBR 15575:2021 was used, using the EnergyPlus tool to carry out the simulations and the CCWorldWeatherGen tool to prepare the climate files of future scenarios. The building referring to the object of study is a standard building of typology "H", in reinforced concrete cast in place, which is replicated throughout the country. It constituted the real model and following the guidelines of the performance standard, the reference model was elaborated so that it was possible to perform the calculations of the criteria established by the standard. The results showed that the studied building reaches the minimum thermal performance level required by the standard for the scenarios referring to the current climate, 2050 and 2080. However, in a more detailed analysis it is noticed that even meeting the minimum level, the percentage of hours inside of the operating temperature range (PHFT) suffers a reduction when comparing the three studied scenarios. Indicating that if the changes foreseen for 2050 and 2080 occur, the housing units of the building will not be within the temperature limit indicated by the norm at most hours of the year, generating thermal discomfort to the occupants. The criterion used to establish the minimum performance appears to be permissive in its approach, making the buildings meet the minimum performance, even with low PHFT values.