Biossorção do corante azul de metileno por fungo filamentoso Aspergillus niger como estudo alternativo para remediação da contaminação de águas residuais com corantes têxteis

Abstract

Textile industrial effluents, when improperly disposed of in water bodies, generate environmental impacts of different magnitudes that affect both fauna and flora when there is no adequate treatment. The search for efficient, low-cost alternatives that generate byproducts with low environmental impact has increased, since at a national and global level, it is understood that the environment must be conserved. Thus, if the production of waste is unavoidable, measures must be taken to reduce this effect in the short and long term. Studies involving the use of microorganisms as a remediation agent for toxic substances have gained increasing space, since in most applications, microorganisms do not generate products or byproducts that are harmful to the ecosystem and to human life and health. This work aimed to study the removal of Methylene Blue dye using filamentous fungi, as an alternative study for the treatment of effluents from textile industries. The experimental tests were carried out for the fungus Aspergillus niger, in liquid culture medium, for which a 2^2 factorial design was carried out to evaluate the influence of time and concentration of the microorganism in the removal of the contaminant. The study of dye adsorption kinetics, adjustment of experimental data and adjustment of Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were evaluated for the microorganism under study. As a result, it was found that the amount of biomass is the most significant variable for the process, with a biomass value of 0.05 g at 2 min which reached the highest removal potential (95%) and the pseudo first order kinetics is the one that best represents the behavior of the biosorption process, although the curves showed a behavior closer to the linear one due to the fast adsorption rate, resulting from the high adsorptive capacity of the biomaterial, in addition, the selected isotherm models were not representative for the data in question.