Determinantes da taxa de mortalidade infantil nos municípios da Região Nordeste: uma análise espacial entre 2000 e 2010

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze the pattern of spatial distribution in the municipalities and the determinants of the reduction in the infant mortality rate in the Northeast between 2000 and 2010. For this purpose, an exploratory analysis of spatial data (AEDE) and an econometric model were used. space for panel data. The data used in this research were obtained from the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and DATASUS. Among the results obtained, three can be highlighted: a) there are strong intra-regional discrepancies in the municipalities; b) there is an inverse relationship between infant mortality and the variables per capita household income, percentage of the population in a household with running water and garbage collection, while the opposite occurs in relation to the Gini index, illiteracy rate, degree of urbanization and percentage of the population in a household with a density greater than 2 and c) there is a spatial dependence on infant mortality, that is, there is a certain degree of similarity between the analyzed municipalities, so that the infant mortality rate in a municipality is explained, partly due to the infant mortality rate in neighboring municipalities. These results are relevant, as they provide evidence related to the importance of spatial dependence on infant mortality in Northeastern municipalities, being useful to support public policies that seek to promote the development of these locations.