Análise in vitro do efeito da sinvastatina como tratamento da osteoartrite da articulação temporomandibular

Abstract

Osteoarthritis consists of musculoskeletal and cartilage degeneration, including remodeling of the condylar bone tissue, being one of the most common forms of arthritis. Its main manifestations are with acute and chronic pain, as well as the presentation of internal disorders of the temporomandibular joint, which may impair speech, chewing and other mandibular movements. Simvastatin is a drug that has stood out in studies that show immunomodulatory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and with that, it has been shown to be able to regulate the inflammatory process. The objective of the study was to evaluate the action of simvastatin in the modulation of the inflammatory process of osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint. This is an experimental study, where the MG-63 human osteoblast lineage was used to evaluate the effects of simvastatin in vitro. The results showed that after 24 hours the concentration of 30 μM of simvastatin reduced the cell viability of osteoblasts, however, after 48 hours, there was a reduction in cell viability at concentrations of 0.3; 1; 3; 10 and 30 µM. When measuring the production of nitric oxide by osteoblasts stimulated by LPS, it was observed that there was a decrease in the production of nitrite when treated with simvastatin at concentrations of 0.1; 0.3; 1 and 3 µM. Thus, so far, treatment with simvastatin has been shown to be able to reduce nitrite production, decreasing levels of nitric oxide in MG-63 cells, strengthening its potential to modulate inflammation.