Ocorrência de anciolostomídeos em moradores de região periférica de Santa Luzia do Norte, Alagoas, Brasil

Abstract

Human hookworm is an enteroparasitic disease caused mainly by the nematodes Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale. Transmission occurs mainly through the active penetration of the infective parasite larvae into the intact skin of the host, or by oral route. The geographic distribution of hookworms parasitic on man used to be seen in the past as occupying exclusive territories: However, human migrations have made the boundaries between these distribution areas disappear. On the European continent, hookworm was known as miners' anemia, and has different names according to the country. In Brazil, it was called yellowing, opilation or tropical anemia. Hookworm, as well as other parasitic diseases caused by geohelminths, are neglected diseases that affect populations with social vulnerability, who live mainly in areas with a deficit in basic sanitation and water supply. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of hookworm among the enteroparasitosis, in the municipality of Santa Luzia do Norte, Alagoas. The epidemiological study was carried out through the analysis of stool samples using the sedimentation and Kato-Katz methods and surveys answered by the study participants. The prevalence of hookworms and other enteroparasites was obtained through the percentage frequency. Educational activities were also carried out with the purpose of providing clarification on enteroparasitosis for the community. There was a significant prevalence of hookworms (17.4%) in the population, which may be related to deficient sanitary and socio-environmental conditions in which the research participants are inserted. It is expected that efficient measures will be implemented in relation to sanitary education in schools and the community, in addition to the expansion of basic sanitation services, as this will result in direct gains in terms of health and decent socio-environmental conditions for the population of the municipality. of Santa Luzia do Norte.