Democracia e horizonte político de sociedade: construções discursivas de candidatos pelo PT nas eleições de 2018 e de 2020 em Alagoas

Abstract

The article discusses the results of a research that aimed to analyze the repercussions of the national political situation in the construction of political horizons of society by politicians who disputed PT elections in 2018 and 2020 in Alagoas; and problematize how these discursive constructions favored or not the strengthening of authoritarian discourses in the country. We focus on four historical moments: a) manifestations of “June 2013”; b) Impeachment/Coup of 2016; c) 2018 elections; d) 2020 elections. Methodologically, we constructed a bibliographic research on historical moments (using bibliographical productions) and, from secondary documentary sources, we discussed the political trajectory of the selected politicians Afterwards, we interviewed the politicians and, with the help of the NVivo8 software, we delimited the social demands and political borders present in their speeches. We also discuss the political horizons built by them and how these discursive constructions favored or not the strengthening of authoritarian discourses. The analysis had as theoretical reference the Discourse Theory, developed by Ernesto Laclau and by Chantal Mouffe. We observed that the discourses of the investigated politicians echo, above all, the discursive constructions of Bolsonaro, Lula and Dilma and we consider that, unlike strengthening authoritarian discourses, they defend demands of historically marginalized social groups in the Brazilian public sphere and construct opponents as legitimate.