Traumas precoces e manifestações clínicas em mulheres com fibromialgia

Abstract

Introduction: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic painful syndrome that affects mostly adult women (18-55 years). It has a prevalence of approximately 2.5% in the Brazilian population. It is characterized by generalized musculoskeletal pain, often accompanied by fatigue, nonrestorative sleep, mild cognitive impairment, anxiety and depression. There is no clearly wellestablished etiology or pathophysiology. Current studies have demonstrated the association of early trauma with changes in pain modulation and greater psychological distress. Objective: To investigate the association between history of early trauma and clinical characteristics in women with FM. Methodology: Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, carried out in the pain medicine service of the general outpatient clinic of the Professor Alberto Antunes University Hospital (HUPAA) of the Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL). The sample is non-probabilistic and for convenience Carrier out during the period of care at the clinic. Data collection took place through a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire created by the researchers. The following instruments were also used: 1) FM diagnosis questionnaire from the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); 2) Questionnaire on the impact of FM (QIF) that assesses functionality and quality of life; 3) Visual analogue scale (VAS) to assess physical pain intensity; 4) Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II), to measure the intensity of depressive symptoms; 5) Psychache Scale, assesses the intensity of psychological suffering; 6) Early trauma self-assessment inventory: Short version (ETISR-SF) that assesses trauma history up to 18 years of age. Results: Fifty women with FM were interviewed. The mean age of the participants was 49.84(±8.25), the mean schooling was 7(±5.77) years of study and 58% reported having a partner. Among the interviewees, 33 (66%) reported general trauma, 36 (72%) physical abuse, 33 (66%) emotional abuse and 25 (50%) sexual abuse. ACR, QIF, BDI II and Psychological Pain scale scores were worse in fibromyalgia patients with a history of early trauma (p<0.01; p<0.05; p<0.01; p<0.01, respectively). In addition, there was a positive correlation between the intensity of the early trauma history and greater severity of symptoms in all aspects evaluated (p<0.05). Conclusion: History of early trauma is common in women with FM and is associated with a worse clinical profile (both ACR 2010 and QIF) and psychological profile (BDI II and Psychological pain) so it should be systematically investigated in this population.